I just want to do this, so maybe a primer for newbies, maybe really old news for others, but species descriptions from left to right:
Squirrel-Almost always good, but there was that one whole tribe, the Flitchaye, that was evil, so they far and a way have the most evil members of a "good" species. (The art above, ironically, does seem to depict one of the Flitchaye, however ...) Basically squirrels and mice are the two closest species to "generic protagonist" with no real quirks.
Fox-Odd case, as on one hand, foxes are the only evil vermin of which a member of the species never "broke good" in a story proper (well, more on that later), but of which there is the most anecdotal evidence of, like, there are good (or at least "educated") foxes somewhere. (Exceptions may include Groddil from Lord Brocktree, an "educated" fox who serves the villain under duress and holds the distinction of the only vermin to actually kill the novel's villain, though he never teamed up with the good guys, and the original Sela the Vixen from Redwall, who was an enemy noncombatant medic at worst, and a spy for Redwall who literally fucking died saving the place at best, but for some reason the Redwallers still say is totally evil.) Interestingly, though in real life, obviously foxes would be one of the larger species, and the art does depict him as larger here, this doesn't seem to be the case in the actual novels, even in Redwall, where Jacques hadn't quite got the rules straight.
Hedgehog-As species go, aren't that quirky, but they often fill the role of the keeper of the Abbey's cellars, and therefore the depiction of them as the most likely to have a beer belly is spot on. Always good.
Shrew-They were one of two wacky tribes outside of Redwall society Matthias meets in the original Redwall. Unlike the other one (more on them later), they stuck around, though rarely live in Redwall. They have their own "union" G.U.O.S.I.M. (Guerilla Union Of Shrews In Mossflower), and the leader holds the title of "Log-a-Log" (though in the original novel, the leader's title was Guosim; Log-a-log was a seperate character that inherited leadership from her). Good, though for some reason, the protagonists almost always forget this and are worried about them when they first show up.
Otter-Another good, kind of generic species, but unlike the foxes actually do seem a bit bigger than everyone but the badgers. So, if they were a DnD class, they'd be what you'd pick if you wanted a basic fighter that pretty much is pure combat, but don't want to go the full barbarian/paladin class with the badgers.
Toad-Since these amphibians are the only scaly pictured, I'll just kind of lump reptiles in here, too. Toads are pretty much always evil, as are lizards. The main difference is that toads usually aren't on anybody's side, and are as dangerous to vermin as they are the good guys, while lizards sometimes join the ranks of vermin. Snakes, usually adders, are basically the dragons of the setting, except they don't breathe fire. There were a few evil newts, plus one newt who was nice, but also unanthropomorphic.
Mouse-Going back to DnD races, mice are the equivalent of picking "human" as your race there. Except always good.
Badger-In Redwall, Constance the badger is described as to scale with the rest of the cast as she would be in real life (except, once again, she even dwarfs the foxes). Unlike most of the wonky scale that is ignored from Redwall, Jacques seems to have decided, what the heck, let's just go with that for badgers. They have two main roles in the series; motherly matrons of Redwall, and the Badger Lords of the volcano fortress Salamandastron, who command armies of warrior hares and are capable of going into unstoppable fits of bloodlust and rage. Clegga Rose-Eyes managed to hold both positions, which is basically the badger equivalent of abdicating the throne of England to become Prime Minister.
Bat-Actually good guys, though never a major part of the cast. If the protagonists go into a cave, sure, they'll meet some bats. They'll be nice, but probably won't leave the cave or appear again after the chapter they're in. Tend to repeat the last word they speak, like an echo, see. Caused coronavirus.
Weasel-Generic bad guy vermin who aren't rats, basically. In this art, they seem to be standing in for all mustelids; stoats and ferrets are also common. Ferrets have a higher chance of turning good then other vermin, with Romsca from The Pearls of Lutra and the titular Outcast of Redwall being example, though they tend to die for their troubles.
Hare-Heroic warriors of Salamandastron, and not to be confused with rabbits (rabbits, by the way, actually only appear, if I remember correctly, in one novel). Usually not actually associated with Redwall. Highly militaristic; they talk like stereotypical turn of the 20th century British officers. Say wot-wot a lot.
Mole-The other good guy species with a stereotypical accent; they "hurr" and "burr" a lot and refer to themselves as "Oi", not "I". Frequently in a sidekick role to the mouse heroes; Redwall frequently has a resident "Foremole".
Rat-Generic bad guy vermin who aren't weasels, basically. Perhaps due to just sheer numbers, also are the most likely vermin to go good, with Blaggut from The Bellmaker the most prominent example. He managed to survive the novel, too.
Sparrow-Matthias meets the Sparra (what the Sparrows call themselves) during the course of Redwall; unlike the shrews, there are actively bad Sparra, and they also didn't stick around much after the third book, Mattimeo, where they almost all died. Kind of talked like Jar Jar Binks, actually. Other birds include good owls, bad ravens/crows and I believe vermin frequently ate (hopefully) non-anthro doves. Swans also made two notable appearances; not as good guys, but instead as giant, non-anthro predators who acted as the non-intelligent dragons to the adders' intelligent dragons.
I just want to do this, so maybe a primer for newbies, maybe really old news for others, but species descriptions from left to right:
Squirrel-Almost always good, but there was that one whole tribe, the Flitchaye, that was evil, so they far and a way have the most evil members of a "good" species. (The art above, ironically, does seem to depict one of the Flitchaye, however ...) Basically squirrels and mice are the two closest species to "generic protagonist" with no real quirks.
Fox-Odd case, as on one hand, foxes are the only evil vermin of which a member of the species never "broke good" in a story proper (well, more on that later), but of which there is the most anecdotal evidence of, like, there are good (or at least "educated") foxes somewhere. (Exceptions may include Groddil from Lord Brocktree, an "educated" fox who serves the villain under duress and holds the distinction of the only vermin to actually kill the novel's villain, though he never teamed up with the good guys, and the original Sela the Vixen from Redwall, who was an enemy noncombatant medic at worst, and a spy for Redwall who literally fucking died saving the place at best, but for some reason the Redwallers still say is totally evil.) Interestingly, though in real life, obviously foxes would be one of the larger species, and the art does depict him as larger here, this doesn't seem to be the case in the actual novels, even in Redwall, where Jacques hadn't quite got the rules straight.
Hedgehog-As species go, aren't that quirky, but they often fill the role of the keeper of the Abbey's cellars, and therefore the depiction of them as the most likely to have a beer belly is spot on. Always good.
Shrew-They were one of two wacky tribes outside of Redwall society Matthias meets in the original Redwall. Unlike the other one (more on them later), they stuck around, though rarely live in Redwall. They have their own "union" G.U.O.S.I.M. (Guerilla Union Of Shrews In Mossflower), and the leader holds the title of "Log-a-Log" (though in the original novel, the leader's title was Guosim; Log-a-log was a seperate character that inherited leadership from her). Good, though for some reason, the protagonists almost always forget this and are worried about them when they first show up.
Otter-Another good, kind of generic species, but unlike the foxes actually do seem a bit bigger than everyone but the badgers. So, if they were a DnD class, they'd be what you'd pick if you wanted a basic fighter that pretty much is pure combat, but don't want to go the full barbarian/paladin class with the badgers.
Toad-Since these amphibians are the only scaly pictured, I'll just kind of lump reptiles in here, too. Toads are pretty much always evil, as are lizards. The main difference is that toads usually aren't on anybody's side, and are as dangerous to vermin as they are the good guys, while lizards sometimes join the ranks of vermin. Snakes, usually adders, are basically the dragons of the setting, except they don't breathe fire. There were a few evil newts, plus one newt who was nice, but also unanthropomorphic.
Mouse-Going back to DnD races, mice are the equivalent of picking "human" as your race there. Except always good.
Badger-In Redwall, Constance the badger is described as to scale with the rest of the cast as she would be in real life (except, once again, she even dwarfs the foxes). Unlike most of the wonky scale that is ignored from Redwall, Jacques seems to have decided, what the heck, let's just go with that for badgers. They have two main roles in the series; motherly matrons of Redwall, and the Badger Lords of the volcano fortress Salamandastron, who command armies of warrior hares and are capable of going into unstoppable fits of bloodlust and rage. Clegga Rose-Eyes managed to hold both positions, which is basically the badger equivalent of abdicating the throne of England to become Prime Minister.
Bat-Actually good guys, though never a major part of the cast. If the protagonists go into a cave, sure, they'll meet some bats. They'll be nice, but probably won't leave the cave or appear again after the chapter they're in. Tend to repeat the last word they speak, like an echo, see. Caused coronavirus.
Weasel-Generic bad guy vermin who aren't rats, basically. In this art, they seem to be standing in for all mustelids; stoats and ferrets are also common. Ferrets have a higher chance of turning good then other vermin, with Romsca from The Pearls of Lutra and the titular Outcast of Redwall being example, though they tend to die for their troubles.
Hare-Heroic warriors of Salamandastron, and not to be confused with rabbits (rabbits, by the way, actually only appear, if I remember correctly, in one novel). Usually not actually associated with Redwall. Highly militaristic; they talk like stereotypical turn of the 20th century British officers. Say wot-wot a lot.
Mole-The other good guy species with a stereotypical accent; they "hurr" and "burr" a lot and refer to themselves as "Oi", not "I". Frequently in a sidekick role to the mouse heroes; Redwall frequently has a resident "Foremole".
Rat-Generic bad guy vermin who aren't weasels, basically. Perhaps due to just sheer numbers, also are the most likely vermin to go good, with Blaggut from The Bellmaker the most prominent example. He managed to survive the novel, too.
Sparrow-Matthias meets the Sparra (what the Sparrows call themselves) during the course of Redwall; unlike the shrews, there are actively bad Sparra, and they also didn't stick around much after the third book, Mattimeo, where they almost all died. Kind of talked like Jar Jar Binks, actually. Other birds include good owls, bad ravens/crows and I believe vermin frequently ate (hopefully) non-anthro doves. Swans also made two notable appearances; not as good guys, but instead as giant, non-anthro predators who acted as the non-intelligent dragons to the adders' intelligent dragons.